Fourth state of matter- Plasma
We all know and believe that there are three states of matter i.e solid, liquid and
gaseous state. But in actual, there are four types of matter.
Sounds
interesting ?
Yes it is,
so let’s know more about this 4th state of matter i.e Plasma.
As when we
heat solid it becomes in liquid state. After heating liquid, gaseous state occurs
and on further heating gas; plasma state occur. Basically In plasma, gas is in
ionized form but any ionized gas cannot be called a plasma, of course;
there is always some small degree of ionization in any gas. In plasma state
both ions and electrons are present.
A useful definition
is as follows: A plasma is a quasineutral gas of charged and neutral particles
which exhibits collective behaviour.
Also there is a belief that plasma is not actually fourth state
of matter but first state. It believes that in starting there was only plasma on earth after it cooled down then
gas, liquid and solid states occured respectively.
It has often been said that 99% of the matter in the
universe is in the plasma state; that is, in the form of an electrified gas
with the atoms dissociated into positive ions and negative electrons. This
estimate may not be very accurate, but it is certainly a reasonable one in view
of the fact that stellar interiors and atmospheres, gaseous nebulae, and much
of the interstellar hydrogen are plasmas.
On the other hand, in our everyday lives encounters with plasmas are limited to a few examples: the flash of a lightning bolt, the soft glow of the Aurora Borealis, the conducting gas inside a fluorescent tube or neon sign, and the slight amount of ionization in a rocket exhaust. It would seem that we live in the 1% of the universe in which plasmas do not occur naturally.
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